Effectiveness of the Community-Based Safe Food Market Program (PPABK) in Improving Traders’ Knowledge and Reducing the Detection of Hazardous Substances in Food at Nambangan Market, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract
The PPABK is a community empowerment initiative aimed at improving knowledge and strengthening food safety surveillance in traditional markets. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PPABK implementation by the BBPOM Surabaya at Nambangan Market, Surabaya, based on changes in participants' knowledge and hazardous substance surveillance results during the 2023–2025 period. The study employed a quantitative evaluative approach by analyzing pre-test and post-test scores from 10 participants using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, along with a descriptive analysis of testing results for borax, formalin, Rhodamine B, and Methanil Yellow. The findings revealed an increase in the mean knowledge score from 68.00 to 80.00, with a statistically significant difference (Z = −2.807; p = 0.005). The percentage of non-compliant test results decreased from 52.29% during the initial surveillance phase in 2023 to 5.66% following the intervention, with no non-compliant results detected in the examinations conducted in 2024 and 2025. The evaluation findings indicate that PPABK was effective in improving the knowledge of technical training participants, accompanied by positive developments in food safety surveillance, as reflected in the declining detection of hazardous substances in the tested food samples. These findings provide evidence of program achievements in knowledge improvement and surveillance outcomes, while emphasizing the importance of continuous guidance, strengthening personnel capacity, and engaging market communities in maintaining food safety..
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