Mass Communication Effects on Civic Engagement in Urban Communities in Indonesia
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Abstract
The rapid development of mass and digital communication has transformed how citizens access public information and participate in community affairs, particularly in urban environments. This study aims to examine the influence of mass communication and media literacy on citizen participation in urban communities in Indonesia. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method involving 150 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The analysis included validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, partial t-tests, simultaneous F-tests, and coefficient of determination analysis. The results indicate that mass communication has a positive and significant influence on citizen participation, while media literacy also has a positive and significant influence on citizen participation. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence citizen participation, with an F-value of 97.465 and p < 0.001. The model explains 57.0% of the variation in citizen participation. These findings demonstrate that accessible and effective communication, combined with citizens' ability to critically evaluate media information, contributes significantly to stronger civic involvement. The study highlights the importance of strengthening public communication systems and media literacy initiatives to support informed, responsible, and participatory urban communities in Indonesia.
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