The Scope and Application of Business Law in Business Activities: A Normative Legal Review
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Business activities involve various legal relationships among business actors, consumers, business partners, companies, suppliers, and other parties. Consequently, business activities cannot be separated from legal rules governing rights, obligations, business entities, contracts, licensing, negotiable instruments, and electronic transactions. This study aims to examine the scope and application of business law in business activities through a normative legal approach. The study uses statutory, conceptual, and literature approaches by examining legal principles, regulations, and relevant legal literature concerning business activities. The analysis shows that business law has a broad scope covering business entities, business licensing and legality, contractual relationships, negotiable instruments, and electronic transactions. These legal aspects are interconnected and may arise simultaneously within a single business activity. The application of business law therefore requires an understanding of the legal position of the parties, the applicable legal basis, rights and obligations, and the legal consequences of business activities. The study concludes that business law functions as an integral framework for organizing business relationships and providing legal certainty in business activities.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
[1] A. Muhammad, Hukum Perusahaan Indonesia. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2010.
[2] Z. Asyhadie, Hukum Bisnis: Prinsip dan Pelaksanaannya di Indonesia. Depok: Rajawali Pers (PT RajaGrafindo Persada), 2023.
[3] R. Christiawan, Hukum Bisnis Kontemporer. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2021.
[4] R. Setiawan, Pokok-Pokok Hukum Perikatan. Bandung: Bina Cipta, 1999.
[5] C. S. T. Kansil and C. S. T. Kansil, Pokok-Pokok Pengetahuan Hukum Dagang Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2013.
[6] C. S. T. Kansil and C. S. T. Kansil, Hukum Perusahaan Indonesia: Aspek Hukum dalam Ekonomi, Bagian 1. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita, 2005.
[7] G. Widjaja, Seri Hukum Bisnis: Memahami Prinsip Keterbukaan (Aanvullend Recht) dalam Hukum Perdata. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2006.
[8] A. Yani and G. Widjaja, Seri Hukum Bisnis: Perseroan Terbatas. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2006.
[9] H. M. N. Purwosutjipto, Pengertian Pokok Hukum Dagang Indonesia 1: Pengetahuan Dasar Hukum Dagang. Jakarta: Djambatan, 2007.
[10] Hery, Hukum Bisnis. Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia (Grasindo), 2021.
[11] A. Miru, Hukum Kontrak dan Perancangan Kontrak. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2018.
[12] G. Supramono, Perjanjian Utang Piutang. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2013.
[13] M. Fuady, Pengantar Hukum Bisnis: Menata Bisnis Modern di Era Global. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2005.
[14] M. Fuady, Hukum Kontrak: Dari Sudut Pandang Hukum Bisnis. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2001.
[15] M. Fuady, Pengantar Hukum Bisnis: Menata Bisnis Modern di Era Global. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2012.
[16] C. T. S. Kristiyanti, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2019.
[17] J. Sidabalok, Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen di Indonesia. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2014.
[18] P. M. Marzuki, Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana, 2017.
[19] M. I. Abidin, “Legal Review of the Validity of the Use of Smart Contracts in Business Transactions in Indonesia and Its Regulation in Various Countries,” Unnes Law Journal, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 289–310, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v9i2.37195.
[20] U. M. Barus, T. Keizerina Devi Azwar, C. P. Yuswar, S. N. Nasution, and H. S. Wau, “Kekuatan Hukum Pembuktian Kontrak Elektronik dalam Transaksi Digital Perbankan Syariah,” Nagari Law Review, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 616–626, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.25077/nalrev.v.7.i.3.p.616-626.2024.
[21] N. Y. Sugiastuti and D. Purnamasari, “Improvement of Substantive Provisions of the Validity of Agreement in the Indonesian Civil Code,” Diponegoro Law Review, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 124–140, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.8.1.2023.124-140.
[22] J. Satrio, Hukum Perikatan, Perikatan pada Umumnya. Bandung: Alumni, 1999.
[23] A. Muhammad, Hukum Perdata Indonesia. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2014.
[24] E. A. Priyono, “Aspek Keadilan dalam Kontrak Bisnis di Indonesia (Kajian pada Perjanjian Waralaba),” Law Reform, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 15–28, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v14i1.20233.
[25] R. Hartini, Hukum Komersial. Malang: UMM Press, 2016.
[26] N. Pramono, Hukum PT Go Public dan Pasar Modal. Yogyakarta: ANDI, 2013.
[27] A. Miru and S. Pati, Hukum Perikatan: Penjelasan Makna Pasal 1233 sampai 1456 BW. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2019.
[28] J. Satrio, Hukum Perikatan, Perikatan yang Lahir dari Perjanjian (Buku II). Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 1995.
[29] K. Muljadi and G. Widjaja, Perikatan yang Lahir dari Perjanjian. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2003.
[30] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas (sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023).
[31] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara (sebagaimana terakhir diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2025).
[32] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 tentang Perkoperasian (sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023).
[33] Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 28 Tahun 2025 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perizinan Berusaha Berbasis Risiko.
[34] Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 6 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perizinan Berusaha di Daerah.
[35] C. I. Pertiwi, “Implikasi Hukum Kontrak Bisnis Internasional yang Dibuat dalam Bahasa Asing,” Notarius, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 13–31, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/nts.v11i1.23122.
[36] A. Nanda and B. Santoso, “Peran Notaris Mengimplementasikan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 dalam Pendirian CV,” Notarius, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1162–1178, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/nts.v17i2.50749.
[37] I. Irawati, B. Santoso, and P. Prananingtyas, “Addressing Legal Gaps in Indonesia's Individual Limited Liability Company: Challenges and the Path to Reform,” Jurnal Hukum Progresif, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 190–225, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/jhp.13.1.190-225.
[38] R. K. Kusumahpraja and M. F. R. Lutfi, “The Click That Binds: Dark Patterns and Consent Paradox in Indonesian Electronic Contracts,” Law Research Review Quarterly, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 3748–3778, 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.15294/lrrq.v12i6.63886.
[39] R. Karo Karo, V. E. Stefana, E. F. Kumagap, and J. N. Sugianto, “Reconstruction of Standard Clauses in Electronic Contracts in Indonesia: The Value Orientation of Dignified Justice,” Tanjungpura Law Journal, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 117–134, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.26418/tlj.v8i2.67437.
[40] A. A. Pertiwi and M. A. P. Putra, “Keabsahan Kontrak Elektronik dalam Transaksi E-Commerce Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik,” Kertha Negara: Journal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 1277–1286, 2024, Available: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/kerthanegara/article/view/108003.
[41] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (sebagaimana terakhir diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024).
[42] Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik.
[43] Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 80 Tahun 2019 tentang Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik.
[44] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.
[45] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi.
[46] P. T. P. Aristiani and I. M. Sarjana, “Limitation of Technical Error in Government Regulations Towards E-Commerce Trade Regarding Validity Electronic Contracts,” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 70–86, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2024.v13.i01.p06.
[47] P. E. T. Dewi, “The Balancing Innovation and Regulation: Legal Protections for Consumers in Indonesia's Rapidly Expanding E-Commerce Sector,” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 44–56, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2024.v13.i01.p04.
[48] Z. N. Rosidah and L. Karjoko, “Enhancing Consumer Protection in Electronic Transactions in Indonesia,” Sriwijaya Law Review, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 194–207, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol9.Iss1.3942.pp194-207.
[49] F. E. Pijoh, R. A. Rahmad, and J. G. Z. Mambu, “Juridical Analysis of Consumer Protection in Indonesian E-Commerce Transactions,” International Journal of Law Reconstruction, vol. 8, no. 2, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.26532/ijlr.v8i2.39983.
[50] F. L. Wisman, “Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Konsumen yang Dirugikan dalam Belanja Online di Marketplace,” Journal Evidence of Law, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 277–283, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.59066/jel.v3i3.773.